An ESD Metal-In or Metal-Out Bag provides shielding for ESD sensitive items enclosed in the bag. The bag opening must be closed, and should be sealed.

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There two reasons for "sealing" the bag:

1. Without complete closure, the bag will not completely provide "discharge shielding".
2. The movement of the product within the bag can tribocharge or generate an electrostatic charge. When the bag is wrapped snugly around the product, movement within the bag will be curtailed, thus less charge generation.

It is very difficult to maintain a snug enclosure without the bag being securely folded around the product and sealed. While "sealing" can be achieved by either "zip-lock" closure or by heat-sealing, we recommend that the bag be snugly folded over the product and the bag opening fastened down using either an ESD sensitivity symbol adhesive label or "low-charging" ESD adhesive tape. If tape is used, we recommend that it be printed with the ESD sensitivity symbol. This identifies the tape used as "ESD Protective" and not a standard, high voltage generating tape, and identifies the contents as requiring ESD control handling.

Per ANSI/ESD S541 section 6.2 Outside an EPA "Transportation of sensitive products outside of an EPA shall require packaging that provides:

1. Low charge generation.

2. Dissipative or conductive materials for intimate contact.

3. A structure that provides electrostatic discharge shielding."

Included in the checklist in the ESD Handbook TR20.20 section 4.3.3.5 ESD Packaging Materials "5. Are ESD protective packages properly closed? "

Per EOS/ESD S8.1 section 3.1 ESD Susceptibility Symbol Application states "The symbol may be incorporated on a sticker used to close or seal ESD protective packaging to indicate that materials inside the package are ESD susceptible."

In a previous post we learnt how to select the correct ESD bag for your application, we want to focus on the next step: how to correctly use your ESD bag. We&#;ll use shielding bags as an example as they are the most commonly used ESD bags. However, the below can be applied to all types of ESD bags.

There are a few &#;dos and do-nots&#; you should keep in mind to ensure you get the most from your ESD bags. Nothing is worse than investing in all the right equipment and then using it incorrectly rendering all your efforts void. So, on that note, we have comprised a list of 5 tips for you on how to most efficiently use your shielding bags.

5 Tips On Efficient Use of Shielding Bags With ESD Sensitive Items:

1. Enclose Your ESD Sensitive Item with a Shielding Bag

Shielding bags should be large enough to enclose the entire product within. The shielding bag should be closed with a label or tape. Alternatively, you can use a zipper-style shielding bag. Following this advice ensures a continuous Faraday Cage is created which provides electrostatic shielding. This is the only way to ensure ESD sensitive devices placed inside the shielding bag are protected. If you are unfamiliar with the term &#;Faraday Cage&#;, scroll to the bottom of this page &#; we&#;ve included a more detailed explanation at the end of the post.

Please do not staple your shielding bag. The staple punctures the shielding layers and will provide a conductive path from the outside of the shielding bag to the inside. Charges outside the shielding bag could potentially charge or discharge to ESD sensitive components inside the shielding bag.

If you&#;re unsure as to what the correct size is for your application, catch-up on this post which will provide all the required information.

2. Remove Charges from Shielding Bags

When receiving an ESD sensitive device enclosed in a shielding bag, make sure you place the closed shielding bag on an ESD worksurface before removing the product. This will eliminate any charge that might have accumulated on the surface of the shielding bag.

 3. Do Not Overuse Shielding Bags

Re-using shielding bags is acceptable as long as there is no damage to the shielding layer. Shielding bags with holes, tears or excessive wrinkles should be discarded.

 4. Shielding Bags Are Not A Working Surface

Do not use a shielding bag as an ESD worksurface. Although a shielding bag is safe to use around ESD susceptible products, it is not intended to be a worksurface for product. When working on ESD sensitive devices, do so using ESD worksurfaces that are grounded correctly.

 5. A Shielding Bag Is Not A &#;Potholder&#; Or &#;Glove&#;

Do not use a shielding bag as an &#;ESD potholder&#; or &#;ESD glove&#;. This type of use offers no ESD protection to the product.

If you need to handle ESD sensitive devices, make sure you are properly grounded using wrist straps or heel grounders.

Some of you may have read through this post and have stumbled across the term &#;Faraday Cage&#; as you have not come across it before. We&#;ve also mentioned it before when talking about storing and transporting ESD sensitive items. However, we&#;ve never actually explained what a Faraday Cage is &#; so let&#;s rectify that!

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What Is A &#;Faraday Cage&#; Or &#;Faraday Shield&#;?

A Faraday Cage or Faraday shield is an enclosure formed by conducting material or by a mesh of conductive material. Such an enclosure blocks external static and non-static electric fields. Faraday Cages are named after the English scientist Michael Faraday, who invented them in .

What Is An Example of Faraday Cage Effect?

An impressive demonstration of the Faraday Cage effect is that of an aircraft being struck by lightning. This happens frequently but does not harm the plane or passengers. The metal body of the aircraft protects the interior. For the same reason, a car may be a safe place during a thunderstorm.

How Is A Faraday Cage Effect Used In ESD Protection?

In ESD Protection, the Faraday Cage effect causes charges to be conducted around the outside surface of the conductor. Since similar charges repel, charges will rest on the exterior and ESD sensitive items on the inside will be &#;safe&#;.

Examples of ESD control products that provide a Faraday Cage or shielding include Metal-In and Metal-Out Shielding bags.

When Is ESD Shielding Packaging Used?

ESD shielding packaging is to be used particularly when transporting or storing ESD sensitive items outside an ESD Protected Area.

ESD Packaging Standards For Outside An EPA

Per Packaging Standard ANSI/ESD S541 clause 6.2 Outside an EPA &#;Transportation of sensitive products outside of an EPA shall require packaging that provides:

• Low charge generation.
• Dissipative or conductive materials for intimate contact.
• A structure that provides electrostatic discharge shielding.&#;

Additional ESD Definitions

Other helpful ESD related definitions from the ESD Association Glossary ESD ADV1.0 include:

Faraday Cage: &#;A conductive enclosure that attenuates a stationary electrostatic field.&#;
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) shield: &#;A barrier or enclosure that limits the passage of current and attenuates an electromagnetic field resulting from an electrostatic discharge.&#;
Electrostatic shield: &#;A barrier or enclosure that limits the penetration of an electrostatic field.&#;

So, hopefully we&#;ve clarified a few things today when it comes to the &#;shielding&#; property by explaining the phenomenon of the &#;Faraday Cage&#;. Don&#;t forget to implement our tips when it comes to using your ESD bags!

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