Heat Pump Water Heaters: Costs, Pros & Cons

Consider a few factors before purchasing a heat pump water heater for your home. These factors will help you determine what type of heat pump water heater you should get or whether you should purchase one at all:

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Size and First Hour Rating

The heat pump water heater&#;s size and its first hour rating can make or break its usefulness. The first hour rating is the number of gallons of hot water the heater can supply per hour (starting with a full tank of hot water). Look for an EnergyGuide label on any new heat pump water heaters to determine the first hour rating and try to find the model that best matches your peak hour demand. The peak hour demand is the highest-use one-hour period in your home.

You can estimate peak hour demand by calculating the busiest hour of water use in your home (likely getting up and preparing for the day) and adding up the average use for each activity in gallons. You can find average gallon use for each activity online, but for reference: showers use around 20 gallons, shaving can use around two gallons, a dishwasher can use seven and a half gallons and a washing machine can use between 15 and 25 gallons depending on the model.

Energy Efficiency

Once you have determined the power source and the size of heat pump water heaters you need, you&#;ll want to check out the energy efficiency of different models available to make sure you save costs and protect the environment. Each water heater should have an energy factor, provided by the manufacturer, which is a number based on the amount of hot water produced per unit of fuel or power consumed over a typical day.

This number balances the recovery efficiency and losses from both being on standby and from the cycling of water through the system. The higher the energy factor number, the more efficient the water heater, but keep in mind that to truly lower your operating costs you will also need to consider the fuel or power source you are using and its cost.

Cost

The final factor to consider when choosing a heat pump water heater for your home is, of course, the cost. Not only should you compare the overall cost of both installation and the appliance itself, you should also calculate your units estimated operating costs to determine the best value. You can use this equation to calculate your estimated operating costs:

365 days/year x 12.03 kWh / day ÷ EF (Energy Factor) x Fuel Cost ($/kWh) = annual cost of operation

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The 12.03 kWh / day represents the average energy usage per day based on a Department of Energy test procedure for hot water heaters for a household of three people. You can find the fuel cost on your electricity bill to know your specific region&#;s averages, but the U.S. national average in June of was $0.154 per 1kWh.

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