Are AGM batteries better for deep cycle?
Sep. 09, 2024
Complete Guide to AGM, Absorbent Glass Mat Batteries
WHAT IS AN AGM BATTERY?
You may have encountered the term AGM battery, which stands for Absorbent Glass Mat. But what exactly does Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) mean, and how does it improve battery performance compared to standard lead-acid batteries?
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To understand AGM batteries, let’s start with the basics of sealed lead-acid (SLA) battery design. All SLA batteries consist of lead plates (both positive and negative), an electrolyte, and are structured into cells encased in a battery housing. Some SLA batteries are valve-regulated, enabling the release of minor gas amounts generated during the recombination process while charging. These batteries, although they allow gas escape, are still spill-proof (often referred to as valve-regulated lead-acid or VRLA), and can operate safely in almost any position, with the exception of being upside down. Sealed design eliminates the need for post-manufacturing electrolyte addition, as all generated gases are recycled in a recombination process.
AGM BATTERY CONSTRUCTION
AGM batteries share construction fundamentals with standard SLA batteries but include a fiberglass mat between each negative and positive plate to absorb the electrolyte. This fiberglass mat functions like a sponge, preventing spillage while maintaining a non-leaking battery.
The AGM battery retains the electrolyte, facilitating its transfer through the fiberglass mat and maximizing the surface area that comes into contact with the plates—without risking flooding the battery with excessive fluid. AGM batteries contain just enough electrolyte to keep the mat moist and if the battery is compromised, no free liquid will leak out. This feature allows these batteries to maintain the same energy output as traditional SLA batteries while using less electrolyte.
TYPES OF AGM BATTERIES
AGM batteries are commonly associated with deep cycle applications, but not all AGM batteries are designed for deep cycling. AGM batteries typically allow an 80% depth of discharge (DoD), while standard flooded batteries only permit a 50% DoD. Despite their deep cycling popularity, AGM batteries are also an excellent choice for starting applications due to their low internal resistance, facilitating high current draws quickly. Modern automobiles also utilize AGM batteries as start-stop batteries since flooded batteries can often fail due to the rigorous cycling demands of these systems.
For instance, at Power Sonic, we provide AGM technology in both deep cycle agm batteries (under the PDC line) and our PowerSport family (including Super Sport, Ultra Sport AGM, and Stop-Start AGM lines). Furthermore, AGM technology is employed in our general purpose (PS) and long life (PG) product family, leveraging the Absorbent Glass Mat separator for improved battery performance.
Each AGM battery cell generates 2 volts, resulting in the availability of various voltages, including the common 6V and 12V models.
CHARGING AN AGM BATTERY
One significant advantage of AGM batteries is their ability to charge up to five times faster than standard flooded batteries. Although similar to all sealed lead-acid batteries, AGM batteries are sensitive to overcharging; we recommend consulting our guide to charging sealed lead acid batteries to maximize the lifespan of your AGM battery.
ARE AGM BATTERIES RECYCLABLE?
Absolutely, AGM batteries are recyclable. Over 98% of an AGM battery can be recycled. The battery industry takes pride in the fact that lead-acid batteries are one of the most extensively recycled products globally. AGM batteries have eco-friendly properties and can be recycled at most centers, automotive outlets, and many other locations.
AGM VS FLOODED BATTERY
AGM technology offers numerous advantages over its older flooded battery counterpart. A key benefit of the fiberglass mat is that it helps prevent sulfation, enabling the battery to achieve deeper DoD compared to flooded varieties.
Another advantage lies in the low internal resistance of AGM batteries, resulting in reduced self-discharge rates, thus less frequent topping charges during long-term storage. Though it is crucial to ensure AGM batteries are charged before storage and maintained while in long-term storage, they still charge faster than flooded batteries.
AGM batteries also boast greater cycle life and resistance to vibration due to their tightly packed design and mat structure, making them well-suited for power sports applications. Furthermore, they require less electrolyte than flooded batteries, significantly reducing their overall weight.
However, one notable drawback of AGM batteries is their higher price compared to flooded batteries. The cost is often a reason flooded batteries remain widely used, especially in motorsport applications.
AGM BATTERY VS GEL
Gel batteries represent another alternative to AGM and flooded battery types. Like AGM batteries, Gel batteries are maintenance-free; they are sealed, utilizing a recombination process that prevents gas escape. The difference lies in the electrolyte, which is a thixotropic gelled sulfuric acid.
When comparing Gel batteries to AGM batteries, it’s evident that Gel batteries experience a more rapid decline in rated capacity in colder temperatures (below 32 degrees F). Additionally, Gel batteries do not perform as effectively in high-rate or starting applications as AGM batteries, explaining their absence in power sport battery categories. Conversely, Gel batteries tend to be more acid-limited, potentially extending their service life in some uses. Power Sonic provides Gel batteries through our DCG (Deep Cycle Gel) and our 2-volt OPzV Tubular Gel lines.
AGM VS LITHIUM BATTERIES
There are distinct differences between AGM and lithium batteries. When selecting the right battery for your needs, consider your primary requirements—whether it’s deep cycling, high-rate discharge, or float standby applications—and whether there's a built-in charger designed for a specific battery type. Budget considerations are also crucial.
Power Sonic has compiled an extensive guide on the differences between sealed lead-acid batteries and LiFePO4 batteries to help you determine if an AGM battery aligns with your requirements.
In summary, depending on your application and budget, AGM batteries generally present a superior option compared to flooded counterparts due to their lighter weight, reduced maintenance, and enhanced performance. They are also favored over Gel batteries for their prevalence and lower costs. The choice between AGM and lithium batteries hinges on your specific application demands.
If you have any questions regarding which battery best fits your needs, don't hesitate to reach out to us.
Deep Cycle Flooded Battery vs AGM: The Pros and Cons ...
Increasing demands in South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, and India are driving growth in the Asia Pacific battery market, which is projected to experience a 9.2% growth rate.
The deep cycle market's rapid expansion is significantly attributed to hybrid and pollution-free electric vehicles. However, these batteries have many more applications.
AGM and flooded batteries are the most commonly purchased battery types, each excelling in specific uses while presenting unique advantages and disadvantages.
Unsure which is best for your requirements? This guide will help you make an informed decision.
Deep Cycle Flooded Batteries
These traditional batteries were the first to be used in applications requiring a power source. They utilize lead plates surrounded by a sulfuric acid electrolyte solution. While plate separators exist, they merely separate the plates, allowing the fluid to move freely.
Unlike AGM and other battery types, flooded batteries lack sealing and do not recombine the generated gas. Instead, they allow gases to vent externally.
Since these are open-vented, both gas and fluid can escape. This includes condensation, steam, and acid.
For additional deep cycle agm batteries information, contact us for professional guidance.
This design necessitates regular cleaning of the battery’s outer surface around the vents, as acid can be extremely hazardous.
Flooded batteries require ongoing maintenance, including frequent water additions to replace lost electrolytes.
Uses
This type of battery is typically utilized in grid energy storage and utility applications. They are best suited for environments with minimal vibration or movement and are commonly found in golf carts and forklifts.
Pros
These batteries are the most reliable choice for backup power applications.
They come in a wide array of shapes and sizes, making them adaptable for various applications that may be incompatible with other batteries.
Among all battery types, they boast impressive charge rates relative to their cost. If you seek an affordable yet efficient battery, this is a compelling option.
Cons
The primary disadvantage is that they demand regular maintenance. The lead plates can corrode when exposed to air, leading to battery failure and necessitating replacement.
As these batteries are vented, they are also vulnerable to environmental conditions. Extreme weather can accelerate evaporation or freezing, complicating maintenance and decreasing battery lifespan.
This design leaves them with the weakest internal structure among all battery types and a high internal resistance.
Additionally, these batteries can create hazardous environments; always position them in well-ventilated areas to prevent hydrogen gas buildup.
Deep Cycle Absorbed Glass Matte or AGM Batteries
AGM batteries incorporate a specialized glass mat that separates the battery plates while absorbing the electrolyte solution. The fiberglass mat becomes saturated with electrolyte, containing the solution in a "dry" state, preventing sloshing or spills, even if the battery is damaged or tipped.
There is sufficient electrolyte in the fiberglass to deliver full capacity during operation, as electrolytes are transferred from the mat to the battery plates when required.
Uses
AGM batteries frequently find applications in renewable energy systems, such as solar or wind power. They are also commonly used in electric vehicles, robotics, and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, as well as specific motorcycles and ATVs.
Pros
Often called maintenance-free, AGM batteries do not require regular water additions.
They typically outperform flooded batteries as they lack free liquid and do not experience gassing.
AGM batteries are an ideal solution when maintenance accessibility is limited, allowing for installation without ongoing upkeep concerns.
The compact design makes these batteries highly impact-resistant and gives them the lowest internal resistance compared to other options.
Cons
A downside of AGM batteries is their sensitivity to charging; improper charging can adversely affect performance and lifespan.
They are optimized for applications that do not exceed 50% of their capacity.
Which Is Right for Your Needs?
Before determining if a flooded or AGM battery is appropriate, weigh the pros and cons carefully. Consider your intended application and whether your choice will function well in the associated environment.
Also, evaluate the physical space available for the battery to ensure a secure fit, alongside your capacity for maintenance—whether you'll manage water levels in a flooded battery or properly charge an AGM battery.
Once you select a battery and make your purchase, remember to maintain it correctly. This will enhance its lifespan, ensuring it serves you well throughout its expected operating period.
Browse our extensive inventory to find your next battery today.
If you're interested in discovering more about the 300ah agm battery, reach out to us today for expert consultation!
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