Which is better globe valve or gate valve?

Globe Valves vs. Gate Valves vs. Ball Valves

Globe valves are a type of control valve used to stop, start, and regulate the flow of media through a pipe. From the outside, they feature a spherical body design; inside, a plug-like disc sits on the end of a threaded rotating stem, which raises and lowers to control media flow. Globe valves are part of the linear motion valve family, meaning that their mechanism moves in a straight line.

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Globe valves provide a tight seal with low chances of leakage, making them a common choice in high-pressure industrial piping systems.

How Do Globe Valves Work?

Globe valves are designed so that the media flowing through them takes a vertical detour up through the valve cavity, where it meets the plug disc. As the valve stem is turned via a wheel and raises to allow media through, the disc moves parallel to the flow. The position of the stem indicates whether the valve is open or closed.

This vertical movement allows the globe valve to regulate media flow, rather than simply stopping or starting it. The distance between the disc and the seat determines the flow rate: the farther apart the disc and seat are, the higher the volume of media passing through. Globe valves are ideal for throttling, or regulating the flow of media while in a partially open position, helping to prevent water hammer.

Because their design forces media to change direction (horizontal to vertical), globe valves create a high-pressure drop. They are best used in applications that require unidirectional flow, where massive changes in pressure are not an issue and where safety and leakage are primary concerns. Globe valves are often found in piping systems that transport corrosive, viscous, highly pressurized, or extremely hot or cold media.

Most of the working parts of a globe valve lie inside the cavity, with access to the internal components through the top; this is known as top-entry design.

Difference Between Gate Valve and Globe Valve

Gate valves and globe valves are two of the most common valves used in industrial applications. Both contribute greatly to any industrial service, though they function differently. In this article, we will delve into what makes gate and globe valves individually unique, as well as their major differences.

Gate valves belong to the shutoff valve family, characterized by their wedge-like disc. Commonly used for isolating media, gate valves can tightly seal off media. A specialized version, the knife gate valve, is used for thicker and more viscous media.

Gate valves provide minimal pressure drops since no obstruction impedes the media flow. The gate operates by the gate disc moving upwards to open the valve and downwards to close it. The disc can be wedge-shaped, knife-like, or parallel.

While gate valves do have some throttling capacity, they are not designed for flow regulation. The thin disc can misalign from its seat due to vibration from media flow, causing damage and shortening its service life. Therefore, gate valves should be fully opened or fully closed when in use to maximize their lifespan.

The globe valve is also a member of the linear motion valve family, designed for stopping, starting, and regulating media flow. Because of its design, the globe valve provides a tight seal with fewer chances of leakage.

Named for its traditional body design, resembling a globe, the globe valve features a plug-like disc that allows or prohibits media flow. Modern globe valves may adopt other body shapes.

The seats of globe valves are parallel to the media flow, resulting in less seat erosion. This design also makes the globe valve an excellent throttling device, although it does create a high-pressure drop.

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Gate Valve vs. Globe Valve

There is always a comparison between the gate valve and the globe valve. Both members of the linear valve family, these valves are often found in tandem in piping systems. To understand how to use these valves, let's look at their differences:

• Structure

One primary difference between gate valves and globe valves is their appearance. The gate valve's construction is simpler, with most internal components located at the top part of the valve body. When turned on, the body becomes hollow, resulting in minimal pressure drop. Gate valves can have rising or non-rising stems.

Conversely, many globe valve parts are inside the valve cavity. Designed for throttling and providing a positive shut-off, globe valves feature obstructions that aid in their function. This design allows changes in flow direction and rate, contributing to a high-pressure drop. Globe valves have a rising stem.

• Applications

Gate valves are suitable for applications where low-pressure drops are paramount. They are multidirectional. Globe valves, on the other hand, excel in settings where massive pressure changes are not an issue. They are unidirectional.

• Function

Gate valves are not designed for flow control; they are used for isolating media. They cannot handle the strength of media flowing in a partially open position. Globe valves, however, function as control valves.

• How They Work

In the gate valve mechanism, the disc lodges between the seats, moving at a right angle to the media flow. This offers either full flow or no flow. When the valve is open, the flow space is as large as the valve cavity, with an additional space for the stem and seats.

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