Everything You Need to Know About Chain Link Fences & ...

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Understanding Chain Link Fencing

Chain link fencing has remained one of the most favored options for both residential and commercial fencing projects. It comprises steel tubing that acts as a top rail, connecting to steel posts along the sides. This structure, known as the frame or framework, is secured using rail clamps and topped off with post caps. Within the fence's frame, a wire mesh composed of individual metal strands is woven together to create a distinctive diamond pattern, often referred to as the fabric.

The additional components, such as clamps and caps, are categorized as fittings, which play a significant role in connecting and securing the framework, as well as attaching the fabric mesh.

The affordability and versatility of chain link fences make them a popular choice for enclosing residential yards, while businesses frequently opt for this solution to enhance security at a relatively low cost. Due to the ease of customization, these fences can be adjusted in height, color, grade, and length according to the land's configuration.

Key Terminology to Know:

1. Hurricane Fence or Cyclone Fence: Alternative names for chain link fencing.
2. Fabric or Mesh: Refers to the diamond-shaped woven steel encompassing the main body of the fence.
3. Steel Tubing: Used for both posts (vertical poles in the framework) and top tubing (the horizontal pipe spanning the top between end posts).
4. Frame or Framework: Describes all posts forming the fence, excluding the mesh.
5. Components: This term encompasses everything apart from the frame and mesh.
6. Caps: Small covers placed atop posts to seal tube ends, enhancing safety and aesthetics.
7. Clamps: Parts used to connect and hold pieces of tubing together, extending the fence where necessary.
8. Bands: Utilized for attaching and tensioning the steel mesh to the top post.

Typical Applications of Chain Link Fences

As noted earlier, chain link fencing is widely utilized for both residential and commercial projects due to its diverse applications.

For residential properties, chain link fences provide essential perimeter security, keeping children and pets within a designated area. Additionally, they prevent unauthorized access while maintaining visibility through the mesh, allowing property owners to spot unwanted visitors easily. Building codes often dictate the requirement for fencing around swimming pools, and chain link fences comply with those regulations.

In commercial and construction settings, chain link is a preferred choice due to its flexibility and ease of installation. The fences can be tailored to any required size or shape, from small dumpster enclosures to expansive construction sites. Even significant establishments, like airports and factories, deploy chain link fencing for perimeter and internal security.

For high-security environments such as manufacturing plants and correctional facilities, chain link fencing can be augmented with barbed wire or arms to deter potential intruders and complicate unauthorized entry. This method provides a cost-effective and practical means of bolstering a property’s security.

There’s also the option of creating temporary enclosures using non-permanent chain link fence sections. These are commonly utilized indoors during renovations or at temporary work sites where permanent fencing is not viable.

What Sizes Are Available for Chain Link Fences?

A frequent inquiry from prospective installers is regarding the various heights of chain link fences. These fences are manufactured in numerous heights and can be customized for any desired length. Given that components, framework, and mesh can all be acquired separately, the configurations are virtually limitless.

Manufacturers typically provide heights starting from as short as 3 feet up to custom sizes, sometimes reaching 20 feet. Standard fencing heights usually follow 1-foot increments up to 8 feet, thereafter increasing in 2-foot increments.

Most producers can accommodate custom heights for specific projects, though they generally entail additional steps and longer lead times. Custom orders often necessitate a minimum linear footage or quantity; hence, it’s advisable to consult with your fencing supplier to determine what best fits your needs.

Can Chain Link Fencing Be Colored?

Standard chain link fences commonly appear in a silver or gray hue. This traditional look is primarily associated with chain link construction. The steel tubing and mesh utilized in these fences are typically galvanized to guard against rust and weather-related wear.

However, various colors are available for chain link fencing today. It’s possible to purchase mesh and components in shades like brown, white, green, and black, which are increasingly gaining popularity. These color variations may incur additional costs due to the extra processing required.

What Is Galvanization, and Why Does Steel Appear Silver?

The typical gray or silver color seen on steel fences results from a protective zinc coating applied through a galvanization process. This coating is the most widely used and offers substantial protection against rust and environmental deterioration.

Exposed metals would oxidize and eventually rust when exposed to the elements, but the zinc coating significantly slows this process. While the galvanized coating also oxidizes over time, it won’t rust like raw steel—it merely transitions from shiny to a dull gray hue.

In cases where specific fencing requirements exist, the installation company may opt for an aluminized coating as an alternative. While often indistinguishable from galvanized fences due to their similar appearance, aluminized options provide superior resistance to temperature changes and abrasion, albeit at a higher price point.

Aluminized coatings are particularly beneficial in chemically exposed environments, such as near roadways where winter conditions necessitate the use of deicing agents. This is a common scenario that illustrates why an aluminized fence may be the better long-term option.

Why Opt for Colored Chain Link Fencing?

Some homeowners or business proprietors may prefer an alternative to the industrial appearance of traditional silver fences around their property. Consequently, manufacturers now offer a palette of colors to suit these preferences. These colored choices tend to be darker than the original silver, blending more seamlessly into the surroundings for a more aesthetically pleasing look. They still maintain the structural integrity of the original steel but are coated in either vinyl or powder coating.

Both vinyl and powder coating provide a visually similar finish while offering different advantages. Both coatings will impart a smooth texture to the finished product and enhance the fence's durability against environmental factors, especially during seasonal temperature fluctuations. The vinyl coating is generally less expensive than the powder coating, which is recognized for its superior durability.

Many purchasers opt for color-coated mesh or fabric paired with galvanized frameworks to enhance their overall visual appeal while optimizing cost-effectiveness.

Understanding the Grades of Chain Link Fencing

Chain link fencing is available in various grades, broadly categorized as residential, industrial, and commercial.

What differentiates these grades are primarily two factors: first, the gauge or thickness of the wire making up the mesh fabric, and second, the size of the pipes used in the frameworks, which includes both diameter and wall thickness.

What Is Fabric Gauge?

Chain link fabric, which is the woven diamond-shaped steel, is available in different gauges determined by the individual wire thickness. A smaller gauge number correlates to thicker, heavier wire mesh; for instance, an 8-gauge wire is more robust than a 12-gauge variant but heavier.

Typically, residential chain link fences feature wire fabric gauges ranging from 9 to 11.5, while commercial installations tend to use 8 or 9-gauge wire. In industrial contexts, a 9-gauge wire is common, although heavier options like a 6-gauge are occasionally utilized for particularly demanding applications.

Understanding Fabric Size

Chain link mesh also varies in size, which pertains to the spacing between each link. The average mesh size measures around 2 inches, though homeowners can find alternatives based on specific requirements.

Some projects necessitate small mesh, often referred to as mini mesh, which is prevalent in dog kennels, tennis courts, and similar applications requiring a tightly woven, stronger mesh that minimizes the risk of objects passing through.

Why Does Pipe Size Matter?

A common question among clients is whether pipe size is important in fencing construction. The straightforward answer is yes; the pipe size is crucial. The fence framework consists chiefly of three parts: terminal posts (which include corner, end, and gate posts), line posts (intermediary posts between terminal posts), and top rails (the horizontal pipes that run along the fence's top).

Sometimes, a bottom rail may also be installed to bolster security and strength, though this is less common on residential projects. The various framework components are available in different diameters and wall thicknesses, with larger diameters providing greater strength. The wall thickness is equally important, as thicker walls translate into sturdier frames.

Standard Top Rail Sizes

The top rails of chain link fencing can come in varying diameters, commonly available in sizes of 1 3/8 inches and 1 5/8 inches. Residential projects typically employ the smaller diameter, while commercial and industrial installations often necessitate the larger size.

Standard Line Post Sizes

Line posts, situated between terminal posts and generally spaced about 10 feet apart, serve as solid attachment points for the chain link fabric and support the top rail. In residential applications, line post diameters usually measure around 1 5/8 inches to 2 inches. In contrast, commercial and industrial fencing projects might require line posts between 2 inches, 2 3/8 inches, and occasionally 3 inches in diameter to retain stability for taller installations.

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The terminal post is typically the largest diameter post in the framework, providing necessary tension for the fabric while supporting the top rail. Gate posts also qualify as terminal posts and share size similarities in residential fencing projects, though they usually feature larger diameters in commercial and industrial jobs.

Residential chain link projects typically have terminal post diameters ranging from 1 7/8 inches to 2 3/8 inches, while commercial and industrial applications might range from 2 3/8 inches to 2 7/8 inches in diameter. The diameter of gate posts varies based on the size of the gate, with walk gates and smaller double gate openings commonly having diameters of 2 7/8 inches. Wider double gates exceeding 10-foot spans may utilize post diameters of 4 inches or larger, sometimes reaching 6 5/8 or 8 5/8 inches for maximum support.

Larger diameter posts mitigate sagging or springy feel from the weight of the gate.

Standard Pipe Wall Thicknesses

The wall thickness of fencing frames directly influences both grade and overall strength. The three most commonly encountered thicknesses are .065 thousandths, 20-weight, and 40-weight. Residential fencing typically employs the .065 thousandths thickness, maintaining strength while keeping costs manageable. Commercial projects commonly utilize SS20, a 20-weight material offering enhanced strength compared to residential options, while industrial fencing predominantly features SS40, which provides the most robust and durable framework but is likewise the most expensive.

Nonetheless, the cost variation between SS20 and SS40 is minimal for smaller projects. Consequently, many clients prefer the heavier 40-weight pipes for their commercial and industrial chain link fences, as these deliver the highest durability and lifespan, often seen in factories, sports fields, and correctional institutions.

Grade	Residential	Commercial	Industrial
Line Post Diameter	1-5/8" - 2"	2" - 2-3/8"	2-3/8" - 3"
Terminal Post Diameter	2" - 2-3/8"	2-3/8" - 3"	3" - 4"
Post Wall Thickness	.065 Thousandths	SS20	SS40 or Schedule 40

Chain Link Fence Gates

When installing a chain link fence, the addition of a gate is often necessary. Gate openings facilitate entry and exit points in and out of the fenced area.

Residential Chain Link Fence Gates

Chain link gates can be manufactured in nearly any width. Walk gates consist of a single panel, known as a gate leaf, with standard widths ranging from 3 to 6 feet. Openings exceeding 6 feet typically require double gates.

Double gates utilize two gate leaves to accommodate larger openings, often eliminating the need for a center post, with one leaf utilizing a sliding rod to stabilize it, known as a drop rod or cane bolt. While one half acts as the primary gate, the secondary can be opened for expanded access when necessary.

Double gates serve as excellent solutions for accommodating larger vehicles or apparatus, particularly if future construction or expansion is planned.

Commercial and Industrial Chain Link Fence Gates

In commercial and industrial fencing scenarios, double gate openings can span distances of up to 30 feet. Customers need to consider adequate space for each gate to swing open. If the available area isn’t sufficient for standard swinging gates, cantilever options may be required. Cantilever gates slide along a rail parallel to the fence but must measure one and a half times the gate opening's size to ensure proper balance and prevent dragging.

Cantilever gates are advantageous in both commercial and industrial settings, particularly in confined areas or projects requiring substantial coverage.

Additional Features for Chain Link Fences

Various enhancements and features can be included in chain link fences, typically applied in commercial or industrial projects.

Barbed Wire Fencing

Barbed wire consists of a strand featuring small sharp pieces affixed at regular intervals to form barbs, typically installed with three strands facing outward at a 45-degree angle or vertically upward.

The barbed arm includes a cap at the base to seal the pipe hole and extends outward to hold the barbed wire, adding roughly an extra foot above the fence's height.

For enhanced security, a six-strand barb arm may be implemented, introducing three additional barbed wire strands on both sides of the fence. This robust option is commonly used in prisons, military facilities, and recycling centers.

Privacy Slats

Chain link fencing appeals to customers due to its cost-effectiveness, low maintenance, and functionality compared to wood or vinyl. However, if privacy is a priority, chain link's transparency can be a disadvantage. To enhance privacy, slats are often employed.

Privacy slats consist of small strips woven through the mesh, originally made from aluminum but now predominantly manufactured from vinyl for ease of installation. Standard privacy slats yield approximately 75% coverage, while specialized winged versions can attain upward of 95% coverage, and hedge privacy slats appear as if adorned in foliage.

Privacy Screening

Another strategy to enhance privacy in chain link fences is the use of privacy screening. Although less durable than slats, privacy screens are simpler to install and generally more cost-efficient.

Privacy screening is available in both opaque and semi-transparent varieties and can be customized with signs, logos, or slogans due to advancements in printing technology. This makes it a popular option in sports venues, allowing chain link fences to double as billboards.

While effective, privacy screenings can be vulnerable to environmental damage and should typically be removed in harsher winter conditions. Regular replacement every few years is also advised since the material can wear down over time.

How Is Chain Link Fence Installed?

The installation process for chain link fencing is relatively straightforward, following a similar methodology irrespective of the fence height. However, methods may differ according to regional practices; here’s a breakdown of the essential steps.

Setting the Posts

The initial phase of any fence installation involves setting the posts, and chain link fencing follows this principle. Variations exist based on geographic location, notably in the Northeast, where all installed posts are placed in concrete. Frost depths dictate how deep to set the posts, with local building codes often specifying minimum depths, generally around 24 inches. However, many contractors may choose to go down to 36 or even 42 inches for added durability, which requires a post-hole inspection.

In southern climates, only terminal posts are typically set in concrete, while line posts are anchored using a pneumatic driver or manually. Regardless of locale, posts are positioned first and foremost.

Connecting the Top Rail

Once posts are securely set and leveled, the next step involves connecting the top rail. This process is fast and straightforward but must be completed prior to hanging the mesh. Top rails typically arrive in 21-foot lengths and rest atop the line posts, secured using a fitting known as a loop cap.

At the end of the fence or at a gate junction, the top rail connects to the terminal post via chain link fittings; ensure you select the appropriate connector for your application.

Stretching the Fabric

After the framework is fully constructed, various methods exist for stretching the fabric mesh. Special tools can assist with holding and stretching the fabric to fill the frame adequately. Attaching the mesh to the terminal post involves employing connectors or fittings, while fence ties are applied subsequently to secure the installation.

Hanging the Gates

The final installation step is to hang the gates required for access. Typically, at least one gate is featured in installations, but multiple entries, including double gates, may also be present.

Gates are suspended between the two fixed terminal posts. In single-leaf walking gates, one terminal serves as a hinge post, and the other as a latch post. For double swing gates, both terminal posts function as hinge posts.

A variety of hinge and latch configurations exists for chain link gates, with male and female hinges and fork latches being the most prevalent components. Once the gates are hung, the fencing installation process is complete.

For additional information on galvanized steel chain link fences, please reach out to us. We will be happy to provide expert answers to your inquiries.